metabolism Archives - Page 3 of 11

How Long Does Nortriptyline Stay In Your System?

by GLOOM

Nortriptyline (brand name “Pamelor”) is considered the chief pharmacologically active metabolite of the chemical amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant derived from dibenzocycloheptene. Formation of nortriptyline occurs upon hepatic oxidative N-demethylation of amitriptyline via CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 isoenzymes. In the early 1960s, researchers realized a significant portion of amitriptyline’s antidepressant effects resulted from the formation of its …

How Long Does Amitriptyline Stay In Your System?

by GLOOM

Amitriptyline (brand name “Elavil”) is a drug derived from the chemical dibenzocycloheptadiene that was discovered and approved in the early 1960s for the treatment of major depression. It is formally classified as a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) and functions principally via inhibiting the presynaptic reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin. This effect of dual presynaptic reuptake inhibition …

How Long Does Opana Stay In Your System?

by GLOOM

Opana (Oxymorphone) is a brand name semi-synthetic opioid medication manufactured by Endo Pharmaceuticals primarily for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. In addition to its usage for pain management, Opana is sometimes administered as an adjunct for the maintenance of preoperative anesthesia. The active ingredient within Opana known as “oxymorphone,” is produced from thebaine, …

How Long Does “GHB” Stay In Your System?

by GLOOM

GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyric-acid) is a drug that was initially synthesized in 1874 by Alexander Zaytsev, but its effects weren’t researched in humans until the 1960s. Upon administration to humans, it was discovered that GHB functions as a short-acting CNS depressant. GHB alters neurotransmission via binding to multiple receptor sites within the brain including: GHB receptors and GABA(B) …

How Long Does “DXM” Stay In Your System?

by GLOOM

DXM (Dextromethorphan) is an antitussive agent comprised solely of a methylated dextrorotatory analogue of levorphanol, a semisynthetic non-opioid morphine derivative. It is classified as a “morphinan” drug and is an active ingredient within many over-the-counter (OTC) formulations utilized to treat allergies, coughing, influenza, and more. Examples of several popular over-the-counter formulations with DXM as an …

How Long Does Promethazine Stay In Your System?

by GLOOM

Promethazine is a first-generation antihistamine of the “phenothiazine” classification often prescribed for the treatment of postoperative nausea, vomiting, and motion sickness. It is commonly utilized as an adjunct to narcotic analgesics to increase their efficacy among those experiencing acute or chronic pain. Additionally, promethazine is sometimes administered for the treatment of the common cold and …

How Long Does DayQuil Stay In Your System?

by GLOOM

DayQuil is an over-the-counter (OTC) medication sold by Procter & Gamble under the brand “Vicks.” It is manufactured in approximately 5 formulations, each of which contain a unique set of ingredients aimed to target a specific symptom (e.g. coughing) or multiple symptoms as one would experience with the common cold and/or influenza. DayQuil is considered …