Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic that kills bacteria and protozoa by inhibiting protein synthesis (aminoacyl-tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex). The drug was patented in 1957, introduced as a pharmaceutical in 1967, and has received medical approval as a treatment for conditions such as: acne, bacterial pneumonia, chlamydia, cholera, Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, …
Buspar and Xanax are two anxiolytic medications most frequently administered for the management of anxiety. Buspar (buspirone) is medically approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of anxiety disorders (short-term and long-term) and acute anxiety – and Xanax (alprazolam) is medically approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of anxiety disorders and panic …
Collected data from the Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA) suggests that upwards of 40 million adults are affected by anxiety, or approximately 18% of the United States population. Among the 40 million adults who are affected by anxiety, it is estimated that approximately: 19 million suffer from specific phobias; 15 million suffer from …
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is an evergreen tree from the Rubiaceae (coffee) family that produces leaves containing numerous psychoactive compounds, most notably including indole alkaloids: 7-hydroxymitragynine, mitraphylline, and mitragynine. When ingested by humans, the aforestated indole alkaloids significantly modulate CNS activity primarily via partial agonism of mu-opioid receptors (MORs). In addition, evidence from pharmacodynamic investigations suggests …
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is an evergreen tree of the coffee (Rubiaceae) family native to countries such as: Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, and Thailand. It is best known for generating leaves that contain upwards of 40 distinct psychoactive compounds. Pharmacological research indicates that the psychoactive constituents of kratom – most prominent being [indole alkaloids] …
Clonidine is an antihypertensive drug originally synthesized in the early 1960s by chemists employed under the pharmaceutical company Boehringer Ingelheim. At the time, the chemists intended to develop a peripherally-active adrenergic nasal decongestant to be administered in the form of nose drops. In the process, the chemists sought to modify amidines to fit the chemical …
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a tropical evergreen tree from the coffee family (Rubiaceae) native to Indonesia, Papa New Guinea, Thailand and other parts of Southeast Asia. The kratom tree produces leaves containing psychoactive compounds, and when ingested, these compounds are capable of eliciting opioidergic and/or stimulatory effects. Although it is estimated that kratom leaves contain …