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Ginkgo Biloba Side Effects & Adverse Reactions (List)

Ginkgo Biloba is considered an extremely popular dietary supplement.  In 2005, it was estimated that individuals living in the United States spent nearly $110 million on Ginkgo Biloba; a staggering amount of money.  While there are some potential Ginkgo Biloba benefits such as cognitive enhancement, improvements in working memory, and increased blood flow to the …

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Provigil (Modafinil) For Depression: An Effective Off-Label Treatment

Provigil (Modafinil) is a eugeroic drug that was originally approved in 1998 for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy, shift work sleep disorder, and obstructive sleep apnea.  Despite never attaining FDA approval for the treatment of depression, many anecdotal reports highlight the efficacy of Provigil as an antidepressant.  The drug tends to …

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Nuvigil (Armodafinil) vs. Provigil (Modafinil): Comparison

Nuvigil and Provigil are both drugs that were approved by the FDA for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness.  Both drugs act as eugeroics and are considered “wakefulness-promoting agents” in that they are distinct from more potent, habit-forming psychostimulants (e.g. Adderall).  Provigil was initially approved in the late 1990s to help treat narcolepsy. Although the drug …

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Potential Dangers Of Nootropics: What To Consider Before Using Smart Drugs

Nootropics or “smart drugs” tend to improve cognitive function to help people perform better, maximize productivity, and ultimately achieve their full potential. Most nootropics are regarded as safe and in some cases serve as “neuroprotective agents,” meaning they preserve brain function and cognition. There is even some evidence to suggest that they may help prevent …

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